ISO-8859-1 (ISO Latin 1) Character Encoding
The characters at a glance
Here are all the printable characters, in collating order:
1 | 0x20-0x2F: ! " # $ % & ' ( ) * + , - . / |
The first six rows are the ASCII character set.
Note the ordinary ASCII space (before !), the ISO Latin-1 non-breaking space (before ¡) and Latin-1 soft-hyphen (before ®).
Character codes and names
The columns show, in order:
DEC: the decimal,&#DEC;-> HTML;HEX: the hexadecimal,&#xHEX;-> HTML;HTML: the HTML Entities;CHR: ASCII abbreviation, or the charater itself when HTML-printable;MEANING: the ISO-8859-1 (and ASCII) definition.
| DEC | HEX | HTML | CHR | MEANING |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US-ASCII Entities | ||||
| Control Characters (C0) | ||||
| 000 | 00 | NUL |
C0: NULL | |
| 001 | 01 | SOH |
C0: START OF HEADING | |
| 002 | 02 | STX |
C0: START OF TEXT | |
| 003 | 03 | ETX |
C0: END OF TEXT | |
| 004 | 04 | EOT |
C0: END OF TRANSMISSION | |
| 005 | 05 | ENQ |
C0: ENQUIRY | |
| 006 | 06 | ACK |
C0: ACKNOWLEDGE | |
| 007 | 07 | BEL |
C0: BELL | |
| 008 | 08 | BS |
C0: BACKSPACE | |
| 009 | 09 | HT |
C0: CHARACTER TABULATION | |
| 010 | 0A | NL |
C0: LINE FEED (LF) | |
| 011 | 0B | VT |
C0: LINE TABULATION | |
| 012 | 0C | NP |
C0: FORM FEED (FF) | |
| 013 | 0D | CR |
C0: CARRIAGE RETURN (CR) | |
| 014 | 0E | SO |
C0: SHIFT OUT | |
| 015 | 0F | SI |
C0: SHIFT IN | |
| 016 | 10 | DLE |
C0: DATA LINK ESCAPE | |
| 017 | 11 | DC1 |
C0: DEVICE CONTROL ONE | |
| 018 | 12 | DC2 |
C0: DEVICE CONTROL TWO | |
| 019 | 13 | DC3 |
C0: DEVICE CONTROL THREE | |
| 020 | 14 | DC4 |
C0: DEVICE CONTROL FOUR | |
| 021 | 15 | NAK |
C0: NEGATIVE ACKNOWLEDGE | |
| 022 | 16 | SYN |
C0: SYNCHRONOUS IDLE | |
| 023 | 17 | ETB |
C0: END OF TRANSMISSION BLOCK | |
| 024 | 18 | CAN |
C0: CANCEL | |
| 025 | 19 | EM |
C0: END OF MEDIUM | |
| 026 | 1A | SUB |
C0: SUBSTITUTE | |
| 027 | 1B | ESC |
C0: ESCAPE | |
| 028 | 1C | FS |
C0: INFORMATION SEPARATOR FOUR | |
| 029 | 1D | GS |
C0: INFORMATION SEPARATOR THREE | |
| 030 | 1E | RS |
C0: INFORMATION SEPARATOR TWO | |
| 031 | 1F | US |
C0: INFORMATION SEPARATOR ONE | |
| Special Characters and Numbers | ||||
| 032 | 20 | &sp; | ( ) |
SPACE |
| 033 | 21 | ! | (!) |
EXCLAMATION MARK |
| 034 | 22 | " | (") |
QUOTATION MARK |
| 035 | 23 | # | (#) |
NUMBER SIGN |
| 036 | 24 | $ | ($) |
DOLLAR SIGN |
| 037 | 25 | % | (%) |
PERCENT SIGN |
| 038 | 26 | & | (&) |
AMPERSAND |
| 039 | 27 | ' | (') |
APOSTROPHE |
| 040 | 28 | ( | (() |
LEFT PARENTHESIS |
| 041 | 29 | ) | ()) |
RIGHT PARENTHESIS |
| 042 | 2A | * | (*) |
ASTERISK |
| 043 | 2B | + | (+) |
PLUS SIGN |
| 044 | 2C | , | (,) |
COMMA |
| 045 | 2D | − ‐ | (-) |
HYPHEN-MINUS |
| 046 | 2E | . | (.) |
FULL STOP |
| 047 | 2F | / | (/) |
SOLIDUS |
| 048 | 30 | (0) |
DIGIT ZERO | |
| 049 | 31 | (1) |
DIGIT ONE | |
| 050 | 32 | (2) |
DIGIT TWO | |
| 051 | 33 | (3) |
DIGIT THREE | |
| 052 | 34 | (4) |
DIGIT FOUR | |
| 053 | 35 | (5) |
DIGIT FIVE | |
| 054 | 36 | (6) |
DIGIT SIX | |
| 055 | 37 | (7) |
DIGIT SEVEN | |
| 056 | 38 | (8) |
DIGIT EIGHT | |
| 057 | 39 | (9) |
DIGIT NINE | |
| 058 | 3A | : | (:) |
COLON |
| 059 | 3B | ; | (;) |
SEMICOLON |
| 060 | 3C | < | (<) |
LESS-THAN SIGN |
| 061 | 3D | = | (=) |
EQUALS SIGN |
| 062 | 3E | > | (>) |
GREATER-THAN SIGN |
| 063 | 3F | ? | (?) |
QUESTION MARK |
| Upper Case Letters | ||||
| 064 | 40 | @ | (@) |
COMMERCIAL AT |
| 065 | 41 | (A) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A | |
| 066 | 42 | (B) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER B | |
| 067 | 43 | (C) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C | |
| 068 | 44 | (D) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D | |
| 069 | 45 | (E) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E | |
| 070 | 46 | (F) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER F | |
| 071 | 47 | (G) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER G | |
| 072 | 48 | (H) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER H | |
| 073 | 49 | (I) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I | |
| 074 | 4A | (J) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER J | |
| 075 | 4B | (K) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER K | |
| 076 | 4C | (L) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER L | |
| 077 | 4D | (M) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER M | |
| 078 | 4E | (N) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N | |
| 079 | 4F | (O) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O | |
| 080 | 50 | (P) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER P | |
| 081 | 51 | (Q) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Q | |
| 082 | 52 | (R) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER R | |
| 083 | 53 | (S) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S | |
| 084 | 54 | (T) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T | |
| 085 | 55 | (U) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U | |
| 086 | 56 | (V) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER V | |
| 087 | 57 | (W) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER W | |
| 088 | 58 | (X) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X | |
| 089 | 59 | (Y) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y | |
| 090 | 5A | (Z) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z | |
| 091 | 5B | [ | ([) |
LEFT SQUARE BRACKET |
| 092 | 5C | \ | (\) |
REVERSE SOLIDUS |
| 093 | 5D | ] | (]) |
RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET |
| 094 | 5E | ˆ | (^) |
CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT |
| 095 | 5F | _ ― | (_) |
LOW LINE |
| Lower Case Letters | ||||
| 096 | 60 | ` | (`) |
GRAVE ACCENT |
| 097 | 61 | (a) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER A | |
| 098 | 62 | (b) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER B | |
| 099 | 63 | (c) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER C | |
| 100 | 64 | (d) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER D | |
| 101 | 65 | (e) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER E | |
| 102 | 66 | (f) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER F | |
| 103 | 67 | (g) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER G | |
| 104 | 68 | (h) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER H | |
| 105 | 69 | (i) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER I | |
| 106 | 6A | (j) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER J | |
| 107 | 6B | (k) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER K | |
| 108 | 6C | (l) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER L | |
| 109 | 6D | (m) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER M | |
| 110 | 6E | (n) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER N | |
| 111 | 6F | (o) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER O | |
| 112 | 70 | (p) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER P | |
| 113 | 71 | (q) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER Q | |
| 114 | 72 | (r) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER R | |
| 115 | 73 | (s) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER S | |
| 116 | 74 | (t) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER T | |
| 117 | 75 | (u) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER U | |
| 118 | 76 | (v) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER V | |
| 119 | 77 | (w) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER W | |
| 120 | 78 | (x) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER X | |
| 121 | 79 | (y) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER Y | |
| 122 | 7A | (z) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER Z | |
| 123 | 7B | { | ({) |
LEFT CURLY BRACKET |
| 124 | 7C | | | (|) |
VERTICAL LINE |
| 125 | 7D | } | (}) |
RIGHT CURLY BRACKET |
| 126 | 7E | ˜ | (~) |
TILDE |
| 127 | 7F | DEL |
C0: DELETE | |
| ISO 8859-1 Entities (Latin-1 Supplement) | ||||
| Extended Control Characters (C1) | ||||
| 128 | 80 | € | (€) |
C1: UNUSED |
| 129 | 81 | () |
C1: UNUSED | |
| 130 | 82 | ‚ | (‚) |
C1: BREAK PERMITTED HERE |
| 131 | 83 | ƒ | (ƒ) |
C1: NO BREAK HERE |
| 132 | 84 | „ | („) |
C1: UNUSED |
| 133 | 85 | … | (…) |
C1: NEXT LINE (NEL) |
| 134 | 86 | † | (†) |
C1: START OF SELECTED AREA |
| 135 | 87 | ‡ | (‡) |
C1: END OF SELECTED AREA |
| 136 | 88 | ˆ | (ˆ) |
C1: CHARACTER TABULATION SET |
| 137 | 89 | ‰ | (‰) |
C1: CHARACTER TABULATION WITH JUSTIFICATION |
| 138 | 8A | Š | (Š) |
C1: LINE TABULATION SET |
| 139 | 8B | ‹ | (‹) |
C1: PARTIAL LINE FORWARD |
| 140 | 8C | Œ | (Œ) |
C1: PARTIAL LINE BACKWARD |
| 141 | 8D | () |
C1: REVERSE LINE FEED | |
| 142 | 8E | Ž | (Ž) |
C1: SINGLE SHIFT TWO |
| 143 | 8F | () |
C1: SINGLE SHIFT THREE | |
| 144 | 90 | () |
C1: DEVICE CONTROL STRING | |
| 145 | 91 | ‘ | (‘) |
C1: PRIVATE USE ONE |
| 146 | 92 | ’ | (’) |
C1: PRIVATE USE TWO |
| 147 | 93 | “ | (“) |
C1: SET TRANSMIT STATE |
| 148 | 94 | ” | (”) |
C1: CANCEL CHARACTER |
| 149 | 95 | • | (•) |
C1: MESSAGE WAITING |
| 150 | 96 | – | (–) |
C1: START OF GUARDED AREA |
| 151 | 97 | — | (—) |
C1: END OF GUARDED AREA |
| 152 | 98 | ˜ | (˜) |
C1: START OF STRING |
| 153 | 99 | ™ | (™) |
C1: UNUSED |
| 154 | 9A | š | (š) |
C1: SINGLE CHARACTER INTRODUCER |
| 155 | 9B | › | (›) |
C1: CONTROL SEQUENCE INTRODUCER |
| 156 | 9C | œ | (œ) |
C1: STRING TERMINATOR |
| 157 | 9D | () |
C1: OPERATING SYSTEM COMMAND | |
| 158 | 9E | ž | (ž) |
C1: PRIVACY MESSAGE |
| 159 | 9F | Ÿ | (Ÿ) |
C1: APPLICATION PROGRAM COMMAND |
| Special Characters | ||||
| 160 | A0 | | ( ) |
NO-BREAK SPACE |
| 161 | A1 | ¡ | (¡) |
INVERTED EXCLAMATION MARK |
| 162 | A2 | ¢ | (¢) |
CENT SIGN |
| 163 | A3 | £ | (£) |
POUND SIGN |
| 164 | A4 | ¤ | (¤) |
CURRENCY SIGN |
| 165 | A5 | ¥ | (¥) |
YEN SIGN |
| 166 | A6 | &brkbar; ¦ | (¦) |
BROKEN BAR |
| 167 | A7 | § | (§) |
SECTION SIGN |
| 168 | A8 | ¨ ¨ | (¨) |
DIAERESIS |
| 169 | A9 | © | (©) |
COPYRIGHT SIGN |
| 170 | AA | ª | (ª) |
FEMININE ORDINAL INDICATOR |
| 171 | AB | « | («) |
LEFT-POINTING DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION MARK |
| 172 | AC | ¬ | (¬) |
NOT SIGN |
| 173 | AD | ­ | () |
SOFT HYPHEN |
| 174 | AE | ® | (®) |
REGISTERED SIGN |
| 175 | AF | ¯ &hibar; | (¯) |
MACRON |
| 176 | B0 | ° | (°) |
DEGREE SIGN |
| 177 | B1 | ± | (±) |
PLUS-MINUS SIGN |
| 178 | B2 | ² | (²) |
SUPERSCRIPT TWO |
| 179 | B3 | ³ | (³) |
SUPERSCRIPT THREE |
| 180 | B4 | ´ | (´) |
ACUTE ACCENT |
| 181 | B5 | µ | (µ) |
MICRO SIGN |
| 182 | B6 | ¶ | (¶) |
PILCROW SIGN |
| 183 | B7 | · | (·) |
MIDDLE DOT |
| 184 | B8 | ¸ | (¸) |
CEDILLA |
| 185 | B9 | ¹ | (¹) |
SUPERSCRIPT ONE |
| 186 | BA | º | (º) |
MASCULINE ORDINAL INDICATOR |
| 187 | BB | »; | (») |
RIGHT-POINTING DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION MARK |
| 188 | BC | ¼ | (¼) |
VULGAR FRACTION ONE QUARTER |
| 189 | BD | ½ ½ | (½) |
VULGAR FRACTION ONE HALF |
| 190 | BE | ¾ | (¾) |
VULGAR FRACTION THREE QUARTERS |
| 191 | BF | ¿ | (¿) |
INVERTED QUESTION MARK |
| Upper Case Latin-1 Letters | ||||
| 192 | C0 | À | (À) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH GRAVE |
| 193 | C1 | Á | (Á) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH ACUTE |
| 194 | C2 | Â | (Â) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX |
| 195 | C3 | Ã | (Ã) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH TILDE |
| 196 | C4 | Ä | (Ä) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS |
| 197 | C5 | Å | (Å) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE |
| 198 | C6 | Æ | (Æ) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER AE |
| 199 | C7 | Ç | (Ç) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA |
| 200 | C8 | È | (È) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH GRAVE |
| 201 | C9 | É | (É) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH ACUTE |
| 202 | CA | Ê | (Ê) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX |
| 203 | CB | Ë | (Ë) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER E WITH DIAERESIS |
| 204 | CC | Ì | (Ì) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH GRAVE |
| 205 | CD | Í | (Í) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH ACUTE |
| 206 | CE | Î | (Î) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH CIRCUMFLEX |
| 207 | CF | Ï | (Ï) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS |
| 208 | D0 | Ð | (Ð) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER ETH |
| 209 | D1 | Ñ | (Ñ) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER N WITH TILDE |
| 210 | D2 | Ò | (Ò) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH GRAVE |
| 211 | D3 | Ó | (Ó) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH ACUTE |
| 212 | D4 | Ô | (Ô) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX |
| 213 | D5 | Õ | (Õ) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH TILDE |
| 214 | D6 | Ö | (Ö) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS |
| 215 | D7 | × | (×) |
MULTIPLICATION SIGN |
| 216 | D8 | Ø | (Ø) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH STROKE |
| 217 | D9 | Ù | (Ù) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH GRAVE |
| 218 | DA | Ú | (Ú) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH ACUTE |
| 219 | DB | Û | (Û) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH CIRCUMFLEX |
| 220 | DC | Ü | (Ü) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS |
| 221 | DD | Ý | (Ý) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH ACUTE |
| 222 | DE | Þ | (Þ) |
LATIN CAPITAL LETTER THORN |
| 223 | DF | ß | (ß) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER SHARP S |
| Lower Case Latin-1 Letters | ||||
| 224 | E0 | à | (à) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH GRAVE |
| 225 | E1 | á | (á) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH ACUTE |
| 226 | E2 | â | (â) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH CIRCUMFLEX |
| 227 | E3 | ã | (ã) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH TILDE |
| 228 | E4 | ä | (ä) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH DIAERESIS |
| 229 | E5 | å | (å) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER A WITH RING ABOVE |
| 230 | E6 | æ | (æ) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER AE |
| 231 | E7 | ç | (ç) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER C WITH CEDILLA |
| 232 | E8 | è | (è) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH GRAVE |
| 233 | E9 | é | (é) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH ACUTE |
| 234 | EA | ê | (ê) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH CIRCUMFLEX |
| 235 | EB | ë | (ë) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER E WITH DIAERESIS |
| 236 | EC | ì | (ì) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH GRAVE |
| 237 | ED | í | (í) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH ACUTE |
| 238 | EE | î | (î) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH CIRCUMFLEX |
| 239 | EF | ï | (ï) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER I WITH DIAERESIS |
| 240 | F0 | ð | (ð) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER ETH |
| 241 | F1 | ñ | (ñ) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER N WITH TILDE |
| 242 | F2 | ò | (ò) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH GRAVE |
| 243 | F3 | ó | (ó) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH ACUTE |
| 244 | F4 | ô | (ô) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH CIRCUMFLEX |
| 245 | F5 | õ | (õ) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH TILDE |
| 246 | F6 | ö | (ö) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH DIAERESIS |
| 247 | F7 | ÷ | (÷) |
DIVISION SIGN |
| 248 | F8 | ø | (ø) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER O WITH STROKE |
| 249 | F9 | ù | (ù) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH GRAVE |
| 250 | FA | ú | (ú) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH ACUTE |
| 251 | FB | û | (û) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH CIRCUMFLEX |
| 252 | FC | ü | (ü) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER U WITH DIAERESIS |
| 253 | FD | ý | (ý) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH ACUTE |
| 254 | FE | þ | (þ) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER THORN |
| 255 | FF | ÿ | (ÿ) |
LATIN SMALL LETTER Y WITH DIAERESIS |
Notes for HTML documents
HTML entity names are superfluous: the ISO-8859-1 eight-bit codes will work, by definition, on any browser.
The characters carriage return (ASCII CR) and line feed (ASCII NL, newline) are equivalent; they are treated as whitespace, except in
<pre>contexts, where they force a line break. (However, a line feed is ignored if it immediately follows a carriage return.)The horizontal tab character (ASCII HT) skips to the next tabbing column in
<pre>contexts, and is treated as whitespace elsewhere.The non-breaking space ( ) is honored even in non-
<pre>contexts, and can be used to insert extra space between words, images, etc., like this: | |.The soft hyphen (­) “is a hard problem”, and see also
<wbr>HTML element.
Other notes
Alternative Sun/X11 “Compose” sequences for the Icelandic “thorn” are “t h” (þ, lowercase) and “T H” (Þ, uppercase).
Note that the Sun/X11 “Compose” sequence for masculine ordinal (º) uses an underscore, while the feminine ordinal (ª) uses a minus sign. It takes a lot of imagination to come up with such ideas…
Additional references
- Martin Ramsch‘s iso8859-1 table.
- The HTML 2.0 Standard [Character Entity Sets] [HTML Coded Character Set]
- The HTML 3.0 specification [Latin-1 Character Entities]
- The HTML+ Discussion Document [Appendix II]
- An exhaustive entity table including HTML 2.0, HTML3.0, HTML+, with Postscript equivalents.
Composed by J. Stolfi from several sources found throughout the net.
More references
Base on J. Stolfi‘s ISO-8859-1 (ISO Latin 1) Character Encoding, and composed from several sources found throughout the net.
unicode:
unicodecommand and it’s official repository
Wikimedia:
- ISO/IEC 8859-1 - Code page layout
- C0 and C1 control codes
- List of XML and HTML character entity references
Stanford - Miles Davis:
W3Schools:
Christian Rieke’s private project - key-shortcut.com: